Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites
نویسندگان
چکیده
Bioremediation is a process in which microorganisms metabolize contaminants either through oxidative or reductive processes. Under favorable conditions, microorganisms can oxidatively degrade organic contaminants completely into non-toxic by-products such as carbon dioxide and water or organic acids and methane. Highly electrophilic compounds such as halogenated aliphatics and explosives typically are bioremediated through reductive processes that remove the electrophilic halogens or nitro groups. Bioremediation processes may be directed towards accomplishing: (1) complete oxidation of organic contaminants (termed mineralization) , (2) biotransformation of organic chemicals into smaller less toxic metabolites, or (3) reduction of highly electrophilic haloand nitrogroups by transferring electrons from an electron donor (typically a sugar or fatty acid) to the contaminant, resulting in a less toxic compound. With increasing numbers of successfully demonstrated cleanups, biological remediation alone or in combination with other methods, has gained an established place as a soil restoration technology.
منابع مشابه
Bioremediation Activity of Pb (II) Resistance Citrobacter sp. MKH2 Isolated from Heavy Metal Contaminated Sites in Iran
Heavy metal pollution all around the world has become a major environmental concern and the bioremediation of polluted environments is an increasingly popular strategy due to both its efficiency and safety. In this study, a bacterial strain resistant to heavy metal was isolated from metal contaminated sites. Strain MKH2 was removed Pb (II) with 95.06%. This isolate was also resistant to zinc, c...
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متن کاملReview on Bioremediation: A Tool to Resurrect the Polluted Rivers
The term bioremediation describes biological machinery of recycling wastes to make them harmless and useful to some extent. Bioremediation is the most proficient tool to manage the polluted environment and recover contaminated river water. Bioremediation is very much involved in the degradation, eradication, restriction, or reclamation varied chemical and physical hazardous substances from the...
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تاریخ انتشار 2003